IFNA1 and breast carcinoma: In the early 1990s, Ferrantini’s group performed studies with different IFNα1 gene transduced cancer cells (Friend leukemia, B16 melanoma, and TS/A mammary carcinoma) in syngeneic immunocompetent mice and observed an important host-dependent tumor rejection complemented by the development of a robust and protective antitumor immunity mediated by CD8+ T cells [155,156].