LRRK2 and Parkinson disease: Furthermore, immortalized PD lymphocytes showed enhanced mitochondrial activities as assessed via Seahorse XF measurements (Annesley et al., 2016), and ROS production was found to be enhanced in fibroblast cells from LRRK2 G2019S patient samples with higher level of oxygen damage (Yakhine-diop et al., 2014; Aufschnaiter et al., 2018; Juárez-Flores et al., 2018).