In addition, a study conducted by Freischmidt et al. (2013) discovered that TDP-43 protein binding miRNAs such as miR-132-5p, miR-132-3p, miR-143-5p, miR-143-3p, and miR-574-3p were significantly dysregulated in ALS patients and immortalized lymphoblast cell lines (LCLs). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.