VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: The gene mutational landscape of Chinese ccRCC patients was similar with that of TCGA database; however, a higher mutation frequency of VHL (59.7% vs. 50.0%, p < 0.001) and TP53 (9.4% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001) and a lower mutation frequency of PBRM1 (18.0% vs. 31.0%, p < 0.001) were found in the Chinese cohort (Figure 1B).