AR and cancer: In cancer studies, by TargetScan and Gene Ontology analysis, Tao and his colleagues found that the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs between aristolochic acid-induced upper urinary tract cancer and noncancer tissues were AKT3, FGFR3, PSEN1, VEGFa, and AR, which regulated cell proliferation and tumor progression in FGFR3 and AKT pathways (27).