In apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout mouse models of myocardial ischemia, DLTs could regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway related to inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, MMP-1 and MMP-2, to alleviate atherosclerosis (Gao, Xue et al., 2020). Here, TNF is linked to atherosclerosis.