SMAD2 and cancer: Based on the data from the literature regarding the signaling pathways modulated by RUT in exerting its anticancer effect (mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin cascade, Janus kinase, Ras/Raf, TGF-β2/Smad2/3Akt/PTEN, epidermal growth factor (EGF) pathway, p53, etc.)[27] and the data regarding the mechanisms involved in cellular senescence of cancer cells [42,43], we could assume that RUT acts by targeting various pathways as p53 pathway, PI3K/Akt and others, but these assumptions need further studies for attestation.