Our findings that the decrease in beta-cell function is relentless with increasing FPG, whereas the decrease in insulin sensitivity is predominantly in the early stages of glucose intolerance (IGT), reaching a nadir on the advent of T2DM corroborate those observations from previous studies [4, 31] that show beta-cell dysfunction to be a constant contributor in the spectrum of glucose intolerance. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.