A schematic mechanism to describe the interactions among MEST, VCP, and IκBα, and how these interactions regulate cancer invasive transformation, is shown in Fig. 8B. In brief, MEST promotes the interaction between VCP and IκBα, which facilitates the degradation of IκBα and which induces p65-mediated NF-κB activation of cancer invasion. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and cancer.