ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Clinical studies, such as KEYNOTE-024, CheckMate-017, and PACIFIC studies, have all shown that PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors can significantly improve the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of NSCLC patients without epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation/anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion, compared with traditional cytotoxic treatment agents (5–8).