The abundance of Lachnospira was decreased in ankylosing spondylitis (31), type 1 diabetes (32), and IgE-associated allergic disease (33) patients, and the Lachnospira contributed to the alleviation of inflammation in HIV-infected patients (34), suggesting that Lachnospira might have a protective role in inflammatory conditions. This evidence concerns the gene IGHE and ankylosing spondylitis.