Standardized difference >10% was observed for age, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, nephropathy, eye diseases, diabetic polyneuropathy, stroke, ischemic heart disease, insulin, sulfonylurea, meglitinide, acarbose, calcium channel blocker, fibrate, NSAIDs, immunosuppressants, heart failure, Parkinson’s disease, dementia, valvular heart disease, pneumonia, liver cirrhosis and organ transplantation. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetic polyneuropathy.