ALB and Nephropathy: CKD is defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or one or more of the following markers of kidney damage (persistent through 3 months): a) albuminuria (Albumin excretion rate ≥ 30 mg/day, albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥ 30 mg/g), b) urinary sediment abnormalities, c) electrolyte and other abnormalities due to tubular disorders, d) abnormalities detected by histology, e) structural abnormalities detected by imaging or f) history of kidney transplantation [2].