In addition, we explore the relationship between GINS4 expression and immune checkpoints, including CD274, PDCD1, and PDCD1LG2, and revealed that there significant positive co-expression correlations between immune checkpoints and GINS4. Immune checkpoints are a class of immunosuppressive molecules that can regulate T cell activity through a series of pathways such as co-suppression or costimulation signals to improve the anti-tumor immune response (Dyck and Mills 2017). Here, GINS4 is linked to neoplasm.