The adverse effects of CsA treatment include nephrotoxicity (risk increased by ACE inhibitors among many other drugs), hypertension, hyperkalemia (risk increased by potassium salts), hyperlipidemia, hypomagnesemia, neurotoxicity (risk increased by imipenem), hepatotoxicity (risk increased by androgens), posttransplant diabetes, gingival hyperplasia (risk increased by nifedipine), and hirsutism. This evidence concerns the gene ACE and familial primary hypomagnesemia.