To examine the correlation between serum level of Gal-1 and autophagy activity in TAMs of HCC patients, we performed immunofluorescence staining in HCC patients’ tissues from those with high serum levels (over 250 ng/ml) or low serum levels (below 150 ng/ml) of Gal-1. The gene discussed is LGALS1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.