Strikingly, the highly upregulated ERV1 elements on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, and 5 are significantly correlated with those of 13 protein-coding genes notably including tubulin-associated genes TUBA1C, TUBB8P8, and TUBB8 (Figure 4F) and these ERV1 elements were activated in PCOS oocytes (Figure 4G), suggesting that ERV1 elements may be involved in the alterations in gene regulation observed in PCOS. Here, TUBA1C is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.