HIF1A and breast carcinoma: In brief, the reverse Warburg theory describes the glycolysis that occurs in CAFs by ROS, HIF1A, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), resulting in lactate being released from CAFs by MCT4, which is then transported into the tumor cells by MCT1 in breast cancer, creating energy by mitochondrial OXPHOS (Pavlides et al., 2009; Fu et al., 2017; Wilde et al., 2017).