VEGFC and familial pancreatic carcinoma: For example, loss of dual-specificity phosphatase-2 (DUSP2) in PDAC promotes the production of the mature form of EV-VEGFC and increases the ability of EVs to carry and transmit VEGFC to LECs, which leads to tumor lymphangiogenesis and tumor cell invasion into lymphatic vessels and promotes early metastasis of pancreatic cancer (54).