OGA and allergic rhinitis: Regarding the effect of onion and its constituents on allergic disorders, AcE treatment improved OVA-specific IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, and IFN-γ levels in nasal mucosa and allergic symptoms in mouse models of allergic rhinitis; onion and its constituents inhibited cell proliferation, suppressed IL-2 and INF-γ gene expression in stimulated lymphocytes, and inhibited IgE-induced histamine and beta-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 cells and production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in murine macrophage cell lines.