Differentially expressed genes in the viral infection category (174 genes, Figure 1D) indicated that keratinocytes had down-regulated genes involved in host gene transcription (DDX56, SMARCA2) (37, 38) and RNA transportation and processing (NUP98, RAE1, XAB2, RBM17, EXOSC10) (39–41). Here, NUP98 is linked to viral infectious disease.