In HF conditions, Giardia infection resulted in increased expression of Tnf-α (3.3-fold; p < 0.05) and Il-6 (4.2-fold; p < 0.05) compared with HF controls (Il-2 and Il-12 mRNA could not be detected in jejunal tissues) (Fig. 3b). Here, IL2 is linked to hydrops fetalis.