A dichotomy exists in the PfEMP1 family between variants that encode binding activity for CD36 (CIDRα2–6 domains) (30, 31), a binding property that is associated with mild infections, or endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) (CIDRα1 domains) (24, 32), a binding property associated with severe malaria. This evidence concerns the gene PROCR and malaria.