A recent study demonstrated that overexpression of mitochondrial fission factor, which is significantly upregulated in liver CSCs, enhanced the stemness and tumor-initiating capability of liver CSCs [26]; Mitochondrial fission factor FIS1 can promote the stemness of lung cancer cells by regulating mitophagy; And suppressing the IFNGR-JAK-STAT-PARP1 pathway can attenuate the CSC-like traits of hepatocellular carcinoma via inducing mitochondrial alteration and DNA damage [27]. The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.