In contrast, co-cultures initiated at day 2 post infection did not result in a reduction in the frequency of infected cells and significantly lower frequencies of iNOS+ cells, despite having the same amount of time to eliminate parasites, demonstrating Th1-primed L. m.-specific T cells are unable to eliminate parasites from infected cells over a 4 day period when monocyte-T cell co-cultures are initiated at day 2 p.i.. The gene discussed is NOS2; the disease is infection.