TUG1 and atrial fibrillation: As shown in Table 2, positive associations were detected for serum TUG1 levels with echocardiographic data in the AF group, including LAD (r = 0.267, p = 0.006), LVD (r = 0.346, p < 0.001), LVWT (r = 0.494, p < 0.001), LAVI (r = 0.561, p < 0.001), LVEF (r = 0.369, p < 0.001), and RHR (r = 0.373, p < 0.001).