CD4 and lupus nephritis: Among the effector cells, the Th17, a subtype of T helper cells (CD4+), is one of those that has shown significant hyperactivation (1, 13–15); correlates with disease activity (1, 16, 17), being involved in many manifestations of SLE as neuropsychiatric (18, 19), cutaneous (20, 21), and lupus nephritis (1, 22, 23); and correlates with the fatality of the disease (24).