On these lines, Benedict et al. in 2010 demonstrated through a systematic review the benefits of intranasal insulin not only in improving memory of healthy people as well as of those with impaired cognition (like Alzheimer's Disease), in the absence of adverse effects, but also as a neuroprotective agent that may be used for prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and deficiency in the CNS as seen in Alzheimer's disease[32]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.