The positive expression of cancer cell-intrinsic PD-1, PD-L1, p-S6 and co-expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in NPC was 22.1% (62/281), 62.3% (175/281), 87.2% (245/281), and 17.8% (50/281), respectively. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and cancer.