It has also been reported that the glioblastoma microenvironment contains hub genes (CCT3, OLIG2, PSMB9, TRIM21) that were associated with distinct immune cell infiltration characterized by the expression of immune checkpoints and are further involved in cancer development and progression in patients with high-grade glioblastoma (22–24). This evidence concerns the gene PSMB9 and glioblastoma.