Indeed, cardiac CTGF expression is elevated in models of MI-induced heart failure (HF) and cardiac remodeling (Ahmed et al., 2004; Dean et al., 2005; Gabrielsen et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2012), and CTGF protein levels have been correlated with the degree of myocardial fibrosis in HF patients (Koitabashi et al., 2007). The gene discussed is CCN2; the disease is hydrops fetalis.