CDH2 and neoplasm: Moreover, treatment notably upregulated the mRNA expression levels of GSK-3β, E-cadherin, Bax, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio but substantially downregulated β-catenin, N-cadherin, MMP-2, MMP-9, Snail, and Cyclin D1, especially Ki-67 and N-cadherin, in tumour tissues.