Consistent with prior results, most HBs in this study were characterized by frequently mutated genes, CTNNB1 and TERT. While somatic mutation/deletion of CTNNB1 exon 3 was observed in more than 80% of HB patients younger than 8-years of age, promoter mutation of TERT was mostly seen in the tween HB cases, which suggests two distinct pathways of these childhood hepatic malignancies. Here, TERT is linked to hemoglobin measurement.