BAX and ovarian carcinoma: However, in another study to investigate the anticancer activity of metformin on human ovarian cancer cells [233] revealed that metformin treatment in low glucose environment enhances ovarian cancer cell cytotoxicity by apoptosis induction via mitochondrial pathway, evident by the increased ratio of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein/B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bax/Bcl-2).