Importantly, in cultures of human monocytes and macrophages, SAA upregulates the expression of the ECM-degrading MMP-2 and MMP-9 (25), and it contributes to the formation of the abdominal aortic aneurysm by promoting elastin degradation via inducing MMP-2 activity (23). The gene discussed is ELN; the disease is abdominal aortic aneurysm.