GNA11 and uveal melanoma: Instead, over 90% of uveal melanomas aberrantly activate G protein-coupled receptor signaling, specifically through mutually exclusive somatic pathogenic variants of the heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits GNAQ and GNA11. 16Studies have found that these activating mutations stimulate phospholipase C to activate the MAPK pathway17 and inhibiting related pathways significantly reduces proliferation of GNAQ/GNA11 mutant cells.18