We also looked for tissue-specific gene expression signatures by applying the SNPsea algorithm to the 1,817 candidate T1D SNPs and found that genes in T1D-associated loci show significant enrichment of expression in CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells (FANTOM5, P < 0.0001; GeneAtlas2004, P < 0.0005; S2 Fig and S8 Table). Here, CD4 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.