RNF213 and multiminicore myopathy: In 2011, the first GWAS on MMD revealed an association with a new primary susceptibility gene for MMD, RNF213, also known as mysterin, encoding the 591-kDa protein “ring finger protein 213” with two AAA + modules (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) and a single RING finger ubiquitin ligase domain [116].