TNF and atherosclerosis: Mechanistic evidence adds to these findings, since a number of cytokines implicated in the psoriatic and arthritic disease domains can contribute to atherosclerosis and metabolic impairments, including Th1 (TNF, IFNγ, and IL-12) and Th17 cytokines (IL-17, IL-22, IL-23, IL-6, and TNF).