In our recent report we showed that HIV-1 protein Tat induced astrocytic amyloidosis involving the HIF-1α-BACE1-AS axis, leading to the development of AD- like pathology in both HIV-1+ patients and in SIV-infected macaques, that was linked with HIV-associated neurological disorders (HAND) [26]. This evidence concerns the gene BACE1 and Alzheimer disease.