PDCD1 and neoplasm: Our previous study revealed elevated PD1/PD-L1 signals in tumor samples and distinct profiles of PD-1/PD-L1 in ICC patients with different risk factors (20), and the PD1 inhibitor Toripalimab, in combination with GEMOX (oxaliplatin and gemcitabine) chemotherapy and Lenvatinib, showed an ORR of 80% (24/30) and a 93.3% (28/30) disease control rate in treating advanced ICC (21).