Both NADPH and Apocynin inhibit the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in the ischemic cerebral cortex in a rat cerebral infarction model, and reduce the volume of cerebral infarction, improve survival after infarction, and restore neurological function (Qin et al., 2018). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is cerebral infarction.