This finding is in agreement with the increased prevalence of colorectal cancer in males in human populations49 and the enhanced adenoma multiplicity in the colon of ApcMin/+ mice (that are wild-type for Gstp) and rats carrying a nonsense mutation in the Apc gene, termed Polyposis in the rat colon (ApcPirc/+), as well as in rat models of colorectal carcinogenesis induced by the chemical carcinogens 1,2-dimethylhydrazine50 or azoxymethane51. Here, APC is linked to adenoma.