The concern that pharmacological Nrf2 activation may promote the development of early neoplastic lesions is particularly relevant to colorectal cancer, because it is the third most common cancer globally in both men and women, with high mortality rates48, and because orally-administered pharmacological Nrf2 activators are in direct contact with the gastrointestinal tract epithelium. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is colorectal cancer.