The neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) patients harboring BRAF V600E mutations had 46.7% mutation frequency, which was significantly related to high levels of RAF, MEK and advanced tumor stages29.With the development of detection methods and scientific understanding, the findings in this study would represent a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with MEK1-related cancers. Here, RAF1 is linked to neuroendocrine carcinoma.