Analysis of gene expression profiles in K/BxN F1 hearts confirmed the changes described above with higher messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of fibrosis markers including transforming growth factor beta (Tgfb1) (Fig. 3 A and B) as well as cardiac hypertrophy markers including β-myosin heavy chain (Myh) and vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf) (Fig. 3 A and B). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is cardiac hypertrophy.