MMUT and medical procedure: As MMUT is robustly expressed within the mitochondria of kidney tubular cells [130], we analyzed the properties of the mitochondrial network in kidney tubular cells derived from the urine of either healthy controls or mut0 MMA patients harboring inactivating mutations in MMUT (henceforward referred to as MMA cells).These studies revealed that MMUT deficiency causes accumulation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria, ultimately triggering cell distress and kidney damage [128, 130].