The pooled prevalence of scrub typhus infection among patients diagnosed with malaria was 12% (95% CI: 4–20%, I2: 90.15%) according to IgM ELISA alone, 31% with IgM ELISA/polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (95% CI: 13–58%), 31% with IFA alone (95% CI: 27–35%, I2: 97%), 3% with IgM ELISA/IFA (95% CI: 2–6%), 5% with PCR (95% CI: 1–10%), 63% with RDT (95% CI: 55–69%), and 100% with the Weil Felix test (Fig. 4). Here, CD40LG is linked to malaria.