These levels of control are generally disrupted in cancer by a plethora of mechanisms, including altered histone acetylation and methylation of the NIS promoter (Passon et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2014), distorted miRNA expression (Cancer Genome Atlas Research, 2014; Riesco-Eizaguirre et al., 2015), increased oxidative stress (Azouzi et al., 2017), and changed growth factor signaling (Knauf et al., 2011; Riesco-Eizaguirre et al., 2009). This evidence concerns the gene SLC5A5 and cancer.