In a study comparing cytokines from HNSCC to the allergic rhinitis group and the control group (with no cancer or allergies), no difference was observed among the concentrations of the studied cytokines (response Th1 (IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ, TNF-α), Th2 (IL-4, IL5, IL-13), innate immunity (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17), innate immunity (MCP)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β, granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and immunity related to the T cells (IL-6, IL-7, IL-10)38. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and cancer.