It was demonstrated that the phosphorylation of HSP27 at S78/S82 site and JNK1/2/3 was enhanced and that of mTOR, ERK1/2, PRAS40 at T246 site and STAT3 at S727 site were decreased in shPOLQ cells (Fig. 6A–C), indicating the potential involvement of these pathways in the regulation of HCC by POLQ. The gene discussed is MAPK3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.